Diagnosis of the craniomandibular function and dysfunction using a condylography (edición en Ingles)

Section I Theory / 1

Chapter 1. History of Occlusion and Mandibular Movement Research

1) The dawn of mandibular movement research

2) Gysi’s Axis Theory 

3) A new era of mandibular movement research 

4) The age of Gnathology in California 

5) The paradigm shifts in the field of gnathology 

6) A new era of gnathology 

Chapter 2. Structure and Function of the Cranio-mandibular System

1) Evolution of morphological changes in the human temporomandibular joint 

2) Cranio-mandibular System (CMS) 

Chapter 3. Concept of Mandibular Position - Clinically Required Mandibular Position

1) Definition of Centric Relation 

2) Definition of Mandibular Position 

3) In search of physiologic treatment, mandibular position

4) Misconceptions about the hinge axis and mandibular position 

5) The necessity for a hinge axis

6) Bite Registration 

Chapter 4. Factors of malocclusion and the temporomandibular joint

1) What is malocclusion? 

2) Basics of occlusion 

3) Malocclusion factors 

4) Harmonization of the cranio-mandibular system (CMS) with the occlusal system 

5) Malocclusion and oral diseases 

Chapter 5. Malocclusion and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (1) Risk Factors for Human Temporomandibular Joint 

1) Loss of the mandibular position retention mechanism 

2) Structural Changes in the TMJ 

3) The inclination of the occlusal plane and relative condylar inclination (RCI) 

4) Risk Factors of Human Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) 

Chapter 6. Malocclusion and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (2) Risk Factors Derived from Occlusion 

1) Cranio-mandibular system and risk factors of occlusal origin - closed dental arch 

2) Setting occlusal support during growth 

3) Load on the temporomandibular joint and temporomandibular disorders 

4) Interference (premature contact, cusp interference, occlusal interference)

5) Bruxism and malocclusion 

6) Examination of bruxism movement by condylography 

7) Relationship between sagittal condyle inclination and occlusal guidance inclination 

Section II Practice / 51

Chapter 7. Condylography as a functional analysis of the temporomandibular joint 

1) Analysis of the posterior guiding elements of mandibular movement 

2) Analysis of morphological changes and pathophysiology of the temporomandibular joint 

3) Reference Position (RP) of the mandible

4) The concept of RP-ThP 

5) Mandibular position as a therapeutic goal (Therapeutic Position, ThP) 

Chapter 8. Recording of mandibular condyle movement by condylography

1) Condylography procedure 

Chapter 9. Hinge Axis and Standardization of Movement Recording 

1) How to find the hinge motion axis of the mandible by trial-and-error method 

2) Mandibular hinge motion axis by condylography 

3) Standardization of movement records by condylography 

4) Free movement and guided movement by the clinician 

Section III Diagnosis / 69

Chapter 10. Essential Evaluation of Condylographic Tracing 

1) Basics of mandibular condyle movement 

2) Evaluation of the movement pattern 

Chapter 11. Analysis of movement patterns - Tools for analysis 

1) Cadiax® curves 

2) Time curves - Time trends in movement patterns 

3) Axis movement - Hinge axis movement pattern 

4) Tooth kinetics - Observation of movement patterns at an arbitrary point

5) Translation/Rotation - Balance analysis of mandibular rotation and translation 

6) 3D display: Three-dimensional representation of mandibular movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

Chapter 12. Analysis of mandibular functional movement patterns 

1) Masticatory movement 

2) Phonetic Movement 

3) Swallowing movement 

4) Bruxism movement

5) Mandibular Position Analysis (Condylar Position Measurement, CPM) 

Chapter 13. Joint Loosening 

1) Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Loosening

2) Initial Fisher’s Angle as an early sign of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

3) Changing character as an early sign of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder 

Chapter 14. Progression of temporomandibular joint disorders and joint symptoms 

1) Joint noise 

2) The development and progression of temporomandibular joint disorders (Fig. 14.2) 

3) Click classification: Classification by mandibular condylar movement

4) Limitation of mandibular movement 

5) Factors that limit mandibular movement

Chapter 15. Importance of side shift of mandibular condyle 

1) Lateral mandibular movements

2) Bennett movement 

3) Abnormal Bennett movement 

4) Lateral deviation of the mandibular condyle and ligamentous lock

5) Delta Y shift (ΔY Shift) 

Chapter 16. Diagnostic significance of working side mandibular condyle movement in asymmetric movement 

1) Mandibular condyle movement on the working side of the asymmetric movement 

2) Relationship between hinge axis and vertical rotation axis 

3) Forward movement of the working side mandibular condyle in lateral mandibular movement

Section IV Case Studies / 133

Chapter 17. Case 1. Early treatment of severe growing retrognathic mandibula with dysfunction cranio-mandibular system

Chapter 18. Case 2. A case of acute closed-lock due to loss of occlusal support 

Chapter 19. Case 3. Prevention of occlusal collapse and occlusal treatment based on bruxism 

Chapter 20. Case 4. Step-by-step evaluation and occlusal treatment of a case with

complex functional disorder 

Appendix. Explanation of terms related to condylography 

1. Angle of Disclusion (AOD) 

2. Anterior Positioning 

3. Avoidance Movement 

4. Axis Orbital Plane (AOP) 

5. Bennett Angle (Transversal Condylar Inclination, TCI) .

6. Bennett Movement

7. Class II Compensation 

8. Condylar Position Measurement (CPM) 

9. Compression of the mandibular condyle 

10. Changing Character 

11. Closed Arch 

12. Closed Lock

13. Craniomandibular System (CMS)

14. Cusp Inclination (CI) 

15. Delta Y shift (ΔY Shift) 

16. Deranged Reference Position (DRP) 

17. Distraction 

18. Fischer Angle 

19. Gnathological Occlusal Plane (GOP) 

20. Hinge Axis 

21. Hydrodynamic Position Mechanism 

22. Hydrodynamic Protecting Mechanism 

23. Interference 

24. Immediate Side Shift (ISS)

25. Initial Fischer Angle .

26. Intercoronal Opening Angle (ICO) 

27. Intercuspal Position (ICP) 

28. Internal Derangement 

29. Joint Loosening 

30. Lateral Ligament 

31. Laterotrusion

32. Mediotrusion

33. Negative Bennett Movement 

34. Occlusal Support 

35. Over-Rotation 

36. Partial Lock 

37. Retroarticular Connective Tissue (Retroarticular Pad) 

38. Reference Position (RP) 

39. Relative Condylar Inclination (RCI) 

40. Retral Stability 

41. Retruded (Retral) Contact Position (RCP) 

42. Retrusive Guidance 

43. Rotational Click

44. Sagittal Condylar Inclination (SCI)

45. Self-Centering Mechanism 

46. Synovial Joint 

47. Therapeutic Position (ThP) 

48. Translational Click